Glaucoma
A group of eye conditions that damage the optic nerve, often due to high eye pressure.
Overview
Glaucoma damages the optic nerve, usually from elevated pressure inside the eye. It's a leading cause of irreversible blindness.
Because early glaucoma has no symptoms, regular eye exams are essential. Treatment can prevent further vision loss.
Symptoms
Common signs and symptoms of glaucoma.
- Often no early symptoms
- Gradual loss of peripheral vision
- Tunnel vision in advanced stages
- Eye pain and redness (acute type)
- Halos around lights
Causes
What can lead to this condition.
- Increased pressure inside the eye
- Poor drainage of eye fluid
- Reduced blood flow to the optic nerve
Risk factors
Factors that can increase your risk.
- Older age
- Family history
- High eye pressure
- Diabetes and certain ethnic backgrounds
Diagnosis
How providers typically confirm this condition.
- Eye pressure measurement
- Optic nerve examination
- Visual field testing
- Imaging of the optic nerve
Treatment options
Approaches that help manage or resolve the condition.
- Prescription eye drops to lower pressure
- Laser treatment
- Surgery to improve fluid drainage
Prevention
Steps that may help prevent or reduce the condition.
- Get regular comprehensive eye exams
- Know your family history
- Use prescribed drops consistently
When to see a doctor
- Regular screening, especially after age 40 or with a family history
- Any changes in peripheral vision
Seek emergency care
- Sudden eye pain, nausea, blurred vision, and halos (acute glaucoma) — seek emergency care
Recommended specialists & nearby providers
Connect with ophthalmology providers and related specialists near you.
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Care for glaucoma is covered by most major insurance plans. Filter providers by your plan on Hippo Intelligence to find in-network options.
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