Gout
A form of arthritis caused by uric acid crystals building up in a joint, often the big toe.
Overview
Gout is a painful form of arthritis that occurs when uric acid crystals build up in a joint, causing sudden, intense attacks.
It's very treatable, and both attacks and long-term levels can be controlled with medication and diet.
Symptoms
Common signs and symptoms of gout.
- Sudden, severe joint pain (often the big toe)
- Swelling and redness
- Warmth in the joint
- Limited range of motion
Causes
What can lead to this condition.
- High uric acid levels
- Diet high in purines (red meat, seafood, alcohol)
- Kidney problems reducing uric acid removal
Risk factors
Factors that can increase your risk.
- Obesity
- High-purine diet and alcohol
- Certain medications
- Family history
Diagnosis
How providers typically confirm this condition.
- Joint fluid test for crystals
- Blood test for uric acid
- Imaging in some cases
Treatment options
Approaches that help manage or resolve the condition.
- Anti-inflammatory medication during attacks
- Uric acid-lowering medication
- Dietary changes
- Staying hydrated
Prevention
Steps that may help prevent or reduce the condition.
- Limit red meat, seafood, and alcohol
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Stay well hydrated
When to see a doctor
- Sudden intense joint pain
- Recurrent gout attacks
Seek emergency care
- Joint pain with fever and severe swelling — seek urgent care to rule out infection
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