Allergic Rhinitis (Hay Fever)
An allergic response causing sneezing, congestion, and itchy eyes.
Overview
Allergic rhinitis, or hay fever, is an allergic reaction to airborne substances like pollen, dust mites, or pet dander.
It's very common and manageable with avoidance, medication, and sometimes allergy shots.
Symptoms
Common signs and symptoms of allergic rhinitis (hay fever).
- Sneezing
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Itchy, watery eyes
- Postnasal drip
- Fatigue from poor sleep
Causes
What can lead to this condition.
- Pollen from trees, grass, and weeds
- Dust mites
- Pet dander
- Mold spores
Risk factors
Factors that can increase your risk.
- Family history of allergies or asthma
- Existing allergic conditions
- Exposure to allergens
Diagnosis
How providers typically confirm this condition.
- Symptom and history review
- Skin prick allergy testing
- Blood tests for specific allergens
Treatment options
Approaches that help manage or resolve the condition.
- Antihistamines and nasal steroid sprays
- Decongestants for short-term relief
- Allergen avoidance
- Immunotherapy (allergy shots)
Prevention
Steps that may help prevent or reduce the condition.
- Limit exposure to known allergens
- Keep windows closed during high pollen
- Use air filters and wash bedding often
When to see a doctor
- Symptoms not controlled by over-the-counter medicine
- Allergies affecting sleep or daily life
Seek emergency care
- Swelling of the face or throat with difficulty breathing (anaphylaxis) — call 911
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