Heart Failure
A condition where the heart can't pump blood as efficiently as the body needs.
Overview
Heart failure doesn't mean the heart has stopped — it means it isn't pumping as well as it should. Fluid can back up into the lungs and body.
With treatment, many people manage heart failure well and stay active. Early diagnosis and lifestyle changes make a big difference.
Symptoms
Common signs and symptoms of heart failure.
- Shortness of breath, especially when lying down
- Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet
- Fatigue and weakness
- Rapid or irregular heartbeat
- Persistent cough or wheezing
Causes
What can lead to this condition.
- Coronary artery disease and prior heart attack
- High blood pressure
- Faulty heart valves
- Cardiomyopathy (heart muscle disease)
- Diabetes
Risk factors
Factors that can increase your risk.
- High blood pressure and coronary artery disease
- Diabetes and obesity
- Prior heart attack
- Excess alcohol use
Diagnosis
How providers typically confirm this condition.
- Echocardiogram to measure pumping function
- Blood tests including BNP
- ECG and chest X-ray
- Stress testing when needed
Treatment options
Approaches that help manage or resolve the condition.
- ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, and diuretics
- Low-sodium diet and fluid management
- Treating underlying causes
- Devices or surgery in advanced cases
Prevention
Steps that may help prevent or reduce the condition.
- Control blood pressure, cholesterol, and diabetes
- Stay active and maintain a healthy weight
- Avoid smoking and limit alcohol
When to see a doctor
- Increasing shortness of breath or swelling
- Unexplained fatigue or rapid weight gain from fluid
Seek emergency care
- Severe shortness of breath, chest pain, or fainting — call 911
- Coughing up pink, frothy mucus — seek emergency care
Recommended specialists & nearby providers
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Care for heart failure is covered by most major insurance plans. Filter providers by your plan on Hippo Intelligence to find in-network options.
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