Back Pain
One of the most common reasons people see a doctor — pain ranging from a dull ache to sharp, disabling discomfort.
Overview
Back pain affects most people at some point in life. It can stem from muscles, ligaments, discs, or joints in the spine.
Most back pain improves within a few weeks with self-care. Persistent or severe pain may need further evaluation.
Symptoms
Common signs and symptoms of back pain.
- Muscle aching or stiffness
- Shooting or burning pain
- Pain that radiates down the leg
- Limited flexibility or range of motion
- Pain that worsens with movement
Causes
What can lead to this condition.
- Muscle or ligament strain
- Bulging or herniated discs
- Arthritis
- Poor posture or heavy lifting
- Osteoporosis-related fractures
Risk factors
Factors that can increase your risk.
- Sedentary lifestyle and poor posture
- Heavy or improper lifting
- Excess weight
- Older age
Diagnosis
How providers typically confirm this condition.
- Physical exam and history
- X-ray, MRI, or CT when needed
- Nerve studies for radiating pain
Treatment options
Approaches that help manage or resolve the condition.
- Physical therapy and targeted exercise
- Over-the-counter or prescription pain relief
- Heat/cold therapy
- Staying active within comfort limits
- Injections or surgery for severe cases
Prevention
Steps that may help prevent or reduce the condition.
- Strengthen core muscles
- Practice good posture and lifting technique
- Maintain a healthy weight
- Stay active
When to see a doctor
- Pain lasting more than a few weeks
- Pain radiating down the leg or with numbness
Seek emergency care
- Loss of bladder or bowel control — call 911
- Back pain with fever, unexplained weight loss, or leg weakness — seek urgent care
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