Herniated Disc
When the soft center of a spinal disc pushes through its tougher exterior, sometimes irritating nearby nerves.
Overview
A herniated disc occurs when the cushion between spinal vertebrae bulges or ruptures, potentially pressing on nearby nerves.
Many herniated discs cause no symptoms; when they do, most improve with non-surgical treatment.
Symptoms
Common signs and symptoms of herniated disc.
- Arm or leg pain depending on location
- Numbness or tingling
- Muscle weakness
- Pain worsened by movement
Causes
What can lead to this condition.
- Age-related disc degeneration
- Sudden strain or improper lifting
- Repetitive movements
Risk factors
Factors that can increase your risk.
- Excess weight
- Physically demanding jobs
- Genetics
- Sedentary lifestyle
Diagnosis
How providers typically confirm this condition.
- Physical and neurological exam
- MRI to confirm and locate the herniation
- Nerve conduction studies when needed
Treatment options
Approaches that help manage or resolve the condition.
- Physical therapy
- Anti-inflammatory and pain medications
- Epidural steroid injections
- Surgery when conservative care fails
Prevention
Steps that may help prevent or reduce the condition.
- Strengthen core muscles
- Use proper lifting techniques
- Maintain a healthy weight and good posture
When to see a doctor
- Persistent neck or back pain radiating to a limb
- Numbness, tingling, or weakness
Seek emergency care
- Loss of bladder or bowel control — call 911
- Progressive limb weakness — seek urgent care
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Care for herniated disc is covered by most major insurance plans. Filter providers by your plan on Hippo Intelligence to find in-network options.
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