Sciatica
Pain that radiates along the sciatic nerve, from the lower back down through the leg.
Overview
Sciatica refers to pain that travels along the path of the sciatic nerve — from the lower back through the hips and down each leg.
It usually affects one side and often resolves with conservative treatment within weeks.
Symptoms
Common signs and symptoms of sciatica.
- Pain radiating from the lower back into the leg
- Burning or electric-like sensation
- Numbness or tingling in the leg or foot
- Weakness in the affected leg
- Pain worsened by sitting
Causes
What can lead to this condition.
- Herniated disc pressing on the nerve
- Bone spurs
- Spinal stenosis
- Piriformis muscle irritation
Risk factors
Factors that can increase your risk.
- Age-related spine changes
- Obesity
- Prolonged sitting
- Jobs involving heavy lifting or twisting
Diagnosis
How providers typically confirm this condition.
- Physical and neurological exam
- Straight-leg raise test
- MRI or CT to identify nerve compression
Treatment options
Approaches that help manage or resolve the condition.
- Physical therapy and stretching
- Anti-inflammatory medication
- Heat/cold therapy
- Epidural steroid injections
- Surgery for persistent, severe cases
Prevention
Steps that may help prevent or reduce the condition.
- Exercise regularly and strengthen the core
- Maintain good posture
- Use proper lifting technique
When to see a doctor
- Pain lasting more than a week or worsening
- Numbness or weakness in the leg
Seek emergency care
- Loss of bladder or bowel control — call 911
- Sudden, severe leg weakness — seek urgent care
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